Article Sidebar

Download
PDF
Statistic
Read Counter : 5467 Download : 31225

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Main Article Content

Abstract

Identitas bangsa Indonesia sekarang ini menghadapi masalah serius akibat pengaruh globalisasi yang membawa perubahan besar dalam berbagai aspek kehidupan berbangsa, oleh karena itu perlu upaya berkesinambungan dalam membangun dan memperkuat jati diri bangsa Indonesia. Salah satu upaya dimulai dengan melindungi dan melestarikan keragaman nilai-nilai luhur tradisi beserta warisan budaya yang masih mencerminkan ciri khas Indonesia. Adanya kesadaran dunia tentang pentingnya pelestarian situs warisan budaya semakin meningkat dari waktu ke waktu, memberi peluang pentingnya pelaksanaan pelestarian guna memperkuat ketahanan budaya bangsa Indonesia. Salah satu upaya pelestarian tersebut adalah dengan mengusulkan warisan budaya berupa situs, kompleks bangunan, dan lanskap budaya yang tersebar di wilayah Indonesia dengan keunikannya masing-masing sebagai Warisan Dunia yang memiliki nilai universal. Situs Warisan Dunia adalah aset bangsa, maka setiap orang memiliki hak dan berkewajiban memahami, mengapresiasi, dan melestarikan nilai-nilai universal, nasional maupun lokal yang terkandung di dalamnya melalui mekanisme pengelolaan yang terpadu dan berkelanjutan. Kajian ini merupakan hasil dari desk research dengan analisis menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif berdasarkan pada studi pustaka dari referensi yang relevan. Hasil kajian ini menunjukkan bahwa pendekatan positif dalam pengelolaan dan pemafaatan warisan budaya adalah dengan menggunakan pendekatan pariwisata berkelanjutan melalui konsep pariwisata budaya. Pariwisata disini dimungkinkan menjadi alat untuk mengemas upaya pelestarian kawasan situs Warisan Dunia menjadi daya tarik wisata budaya. Kajian ini menghasilkan sejumlah rekomendasi yang dapat diterapkan dalam mengembangkan pariwisata berkelanjutan di kawasan situs Warisan Dunia.


Today, the identity of Indonesian people faces a severe problem due to the influence of globalization, which brings significant changes in various aspects of national life; therefore, it required continuous efforts to build and strengthen the identity of the Indonesian people. We can start by protecting and preserving the diversity of the traditional noble values and cultural heritage that still reflect Indonesian characteristics. The awareness of the world about the importance of preserving cultural heritage sites is increasing over time, providing an opportunity for the importance of implementing conservation to strengthen the resilience of Indonesian culture. One of the conservation efforts is to propose cultural heritage in the form of site, building complex, and cultural landscape that spread in the territory of Indonesia with their uniqueness as World Heritage that has universal values. World Heritage site is a national asset, so everyone has the right and obligation to understand, appreciate, and preserve the universal, national, and local values contained in it through an integrated and sustainable management mechanism. This study was the result of desk research with the analysis using a qualitative descriptive method based on literature studies from relevant references. The results of this study indicate that a positive approach in the management and utilization of the world heritage is by using a sustainable tourism approach through the cultural tourism concept. Here, tourism might be a tool to package the conservation efforts of the world heritage site to become a cultural tourist attraction. This study produced some recommendations that can apply to develop sustainable tourism in the World Heritage site.

Keywords

Cultural Heritage World Heritage preservation sustainable tourism cultural tourism

Article Details

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Kapata Arkeologi by Balai Arkeologi Maluku. Permissions beyond the scope of this license may be available at Copyright Notice.

Author Biography

Roby Ardiwidjaja, Kementerian Pariwisata dan Ekonomi Kreatif

Researcher at Tourism Research and Development Center

How to Cite
Ardiwidjaja, R. (2019). Preservation of World Heritage Sites Viewed from the Perspective of Sustainable Tourism Development. Kapata Arkeologi, 15(1), 25-34. https://doi.org/10.24832/kapata.v15i1.25-34

References

  1. Ardiwidjaja, R. (2013). Pariwisata Berkelanjutan: Pengembangan Destinasi Pariwisata Berbasis Lingkungan. Yogyakarta: Penerbit Kepel Press. (view)

  2. Astiti, N. K. A. (2016). Sumber Daya Arkeologi dalam Pembangunan Pariwisata Berkelanjutan di Provinsi Maluku. Kapata Arkeologi, 12(1), 15–28. (view)

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.24832/kapata.v12i1.312

  3. Astiti, N. K. A. (2017). Kawasan Kompleks Bangunan Megalitik di Kabupaten Lahat sebagai Daya Tarik Wisata Budaya dan Alam. Kapata Arkeologi, 13(2), 195–208. (view)

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.24832/kapata.v13i2.426

  4. Cabrini, L. (2004). Trend of International Tourism. In 13th Central European Trade Fair. New York: World Trade Center. (view)

  5. Chariri, A. (2009). Landasan Filsafat dan Metode Penelitian Kualitatif. In Metodologi Penelitian Kuantitatif dan Kualitatif (pp. 1–27). Semarang: Fakultas Ekonomi Universitas Diponegoro Semarang. (view)

  6. CiD. (2013). What is Cultural Heritage. Retrieved from http://www.cultureindevelopment.nl/ (view)

  7. Coccossis, H., Mexa, A., Collovini, A., Parpairis, A., & Konstandoglou, M. (2001). Defining, Measuring and Evaluating Carrying Capacity in European Tourism Destinations. Athens: Environmental Planning Laboratory. (view)

  8. Cooper, C., Fletcher, J., Gilbert, D., & Wanhill, S. (1996). Tourism Principles and Practice. Malaysia: Longman Group Limited. (view)

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/004728759403200326

  9. Creswell, J. W. (2016). Research Design: Pendekatan Metode Kualitatif, Kuantitatif, dan Campuran. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar. (view)

  10. Creswell, J. W., & Miller, D. L. (2010). Determining Validity in Qualitative Inquiry. Theory Into Practice, 39(3), 124‐130. (view)

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1207/s15430421tip3903_2

  11. Csapó, J. (2012). The Role and Importance of Cultural Tourism in Modern Tourism Industry. In M. Kasimoglu (Ed.), Strategies for Tourism Industry - Micro and Macro Perspectives (pp. 201–232). London: InTech. (view)

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.5772/38693

  12. FAD. (1999). Cultural System: For Quality Management, Bangkok, Thailand. Bangkok: The Fine Art Department (FAD) of Thailand. (view)

  13. Fletcher, J. (1997). Heritage Tourism: enhancing the net benefits of tourism. In Tourism and Heritage Management (pp. 134–146). Yogyakarta: Gadjah Mada University Press. (view)

  14. Gunn, C. A. (1980). Tourism Planning. New York: Crane Russak & Company, Inc. (view)

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/004728758001900156

  15. Harrison, R. (Ed.). (2010). Understanding the Politics of Heritage. Manchester: Manchester University Press in association with the Open University, Manchester and Milton Keynes. (view)

  16. Harrison, R. (2013). Heritage Critical Approaches. London: Routledge. (view)

  17. Inskeep, E. (1991). Tourism Planning. An Integrated and Sustainable Development Approach. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold. (view)

  18. Koentjaraningrat. (1990). Pengantar Ilmu Antropologi. Jakarta: Rineka Cipta. (view)

  19. KWRI UNESCO. Data dan Publikasi. Retrieved November 16, 2018, from http://kwriu.kemdikbud.go.id/ (view)

  20. Mansyur, S. (2010). Konstruksi Baru Pameran Museum Kota Makassar. Post Graduate Thesis: Universitas Indonesia. (view)

  21. Moleong, L. J. (2010). Metodologi Penelitian Kualitatif (ed. Revisi). Bandung: Remaja Rosdakarya. (view)

  22. Moscardo, G. (2003). Interpretation and Sustainable Tourism: functions, examples and principles. [Reprint of original article published in v. 9, no. 1, 1998: 2-13.]. Journal of Tourism Studies, 14(1), 112–123. (view)

  23. Mossberg, L., Therkelsen, A., Huijbens, E. H., Björk, P., & Olsson, A. K. (2010). Storytelling and Destination Development: Nordic Innovation Centre. Copenhagen: Nordic Council of Ministers. (view)

  24. Mujabuddawat, M. Al. (2015). Kompleks Situs Ki Buyut Trusmi Cirebon: Tinjauan Bangunan Kuna. Kapata Arkeologi, 11(2), 139–154. (view)

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.24832/kapata.v11i2.293

  25. Mujabuddawat, M. Al. (2016). Perangkat Sistem Informasi Geografis (SIG) dalam Penelitian dan Penyajian Informasi Arkeologi. Kapata Arkeologi, 12(1), 29–42. (view)

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.24832/kapata.v12i1.319

  26. Pedersen, A. (Ed.). (2002). Managing Tourism at World Heritage Sites: a Practical Manual for World Heritage Site Managers. In World Heritage Paper 1. Paris: UNESCO World Heritage Centre. (view)

  27. Poon, A. (2003). A New Tourism Scenario–Key Future Trends. In The Berlin Report, Tourism Intellegence International. Berlin. (view)

  28. Shilling, D. (2000). Cultural Heritage Tourism: Practical Application. Phoenix, Arizona: Arizona Humanities Council. (view)

  29. Simatupang, D. E. (2017). Revitalisasi Kebinekaan melalui Kampanye Slogan Arkeologis Hasil Penelitian Situs Kota Cina. Kapata Arkeologi, 13(2), 209. (view)

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.24832/kapata.v13i2.429

  30. Smith, M., & Robinson, M. (2006). Cultural Tourism in a Changing World: Politics, Participation and (Re)presentation. Clevedon: Channel View Publications. (view)

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.21832/9781845410452

  31. Surbakti, K. (2017). Kebijakan Pengelolaan Warisan Budaya Ditinjau dari Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2010 (Perihal Pemberian Insentif dan Kompensasi). Kapata Arkeologi, 13(2), 141–150. (view)

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.24832/kapata.v13i2.397

  32. Swarbrooke, J. (2002). Development & Management of Visitor Attraction. Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann. (view)

  33. Tanudirjo, D. A. (2003). Warisan Budaya untuk Semua, Arah Kebijakan Pengelolaan Warisan Budaya Indonesia di Masa Mendatang. In Makalah Kongres Kebudayaan V (pp. 19–23). Bukit Tinggi: Kongres Kebudayaan Indonesia. (view)

  34. Undang-undang RI. UU tentang Cagar Budaya, Pub. L. No. 11 (2010). Indonesia. (view)

  35. UNESCO. (2013). Managing Cultural World Heritage. In G. Wijesuriya, J. Thompson, & C. Young (Eds.), World Heritage Resource Manual 16/11/2013. Paris: UNESCO. (view)